Speaker
Description
This research article aims to investigate the development of LGBTQ+ rights and the perception of Spanish society in the context of social and historical factors, from the time of Franco's dictatorship to the most recent adoption of the national law of "real and effective equality for trans people". Franco’s strict regime which pressured homosexuals through the 1970 Law on Social Danger and Rehabilitation and the imprisonment in several concentration camps, laid the ground for the first Spanish pride movements in Barcelona and Madrid. Through an exhaustive literature review, different aspects related to the history and evolution of LGBTQ+ rights in Spain are analyzed. Three key historical stages are explored: pre-gay, gay and post-gay, characterized by the evolution of distinct terms and social acceptance of sexual and gender diversity. In addition, contemporary phenomena such as "LGBT+ tourism" in Malaga and Torremolinos are examined, as well as the politicization of LGBTQ+ rights and their commercialization, highlighting the implementation of key laws such as the 2005 same-sex marriage and adoption law, the 2007 registered sex rectification law, and the recent 2023 trans law. The influence of the Christian religion on the evolution of LGBTQ+ rights in Spain is contextualized, comparing it with similar cases in the United States, Australia and New Zealand. Finally, current issues within the LGBTQ+ community in Spain, including discrimination based on nationality, social class and age, are addressed through the prism of queer theory. In conclusion, this work offers a comprehensive overview of the history, progress, and ongoing challenges to LGBTQ+ rights in Spain, providing a solid foundation for future research and action in this field.
Key words: LGBTQ, Spain, rights, history, religion, activism, LGBTQ tourism, queer theory.
| Title | The Spanish rising rainbow: Spain's LGBTQ+ historical journey of rights |
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